What is thermodynamic equilibrium?
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A system is said to be in an equilibrium state when there is no unbalance potential (driving force) within the system i.e. no spontaneous change in any macroscopic property is observed as the system is isolated from its surroundings.
If the state of balance of a system within itself and between system and surroundings exists then an equilibrium condition can be achieved.
Thus for attaining a state of thermodynamic equilibrium, there must be the following three types of equilibrium in the system-
1. Thermodynamic Equilibrium.
2. Mechanical equilibrium.
3. Chemical equilibrium.